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"Hazu and wake"

"hazu and wake" have similar meanings. In some situation they are interchangeable and in others theyaren't. A diagram below shows these usages, and the example sentences (a) to (d) show how to use them.

"hazu"

  1. It is expected ---. I expect that --- . should ---
    1. Konkai ganbatta kara ii seiseki ga toreru hazu da. ( I studied hard this time, so I expect to get a good mark.)
    2. koredake endaka ga susunda kara yunyuuhin ga yasuku natte iru hazu da. (As yen has been strong against dollar, I expect that imports are now cheaper.)
    3. Tsuki ni ichiman en zutsu chyokin suru to ichinen de juuni man en tamaru hazu da. ( If I save 10000yen a month, I should have 120000yen in yearsf time.)
    4. Kaze ga yoku natte iru to sureba kyoo wa gakkoo ni kuru hazu da. (If his cold gets better, I expect him to come to school today.)
  2. be supposed to `
    1. Kare wa mada kimasen. Demo renraku ga nai node kuru hazu desu.(He hasnft arrived yet,but he hasnft informed me, so he is supposed to come.)
    2. Kyoo tegami o dashita node ashita tsuku hazu desu. ( I posted the letter today,and it is supposed to arrive tomorrow.)
    3. Kare wa nihon ni juunen sunde iru node nihongo ga joozuna hazu desu yo.(He has been in Japan for ten years, so I expect his Japanese is good, but Ifm not sure.)

gwakeh

C. similar meaning as "hazu" (A).
Speaker's conviction is a little stronger than hazu..
    1. Konkai ganbatta kara ii seiseki ga toreru wake da. ( I studied hard this time, so I expect to get a good mark.)
  1. Kono tokoro endaka ga susunda kara yunyuuhin ga yasuku natte iru wake da. (As yen has been strong against dollar, I expect that imports are now cheaper.)
  2. Tsuki ni ichiman en zutsu tyokin suru to ichinen de juuni man en tamaru wake da. (If I save 10000yen a month, I should have 120000yen in yearsf time.)
  3. Kaze ga yoku natte iru to sureba kyoo wa gakkoo ni kuru wake da. . (If his cold gets better, I expect him to come to school today.)
(D) no wonder that's why naturally

The speaker's conclusions are obtained through logical judgement on the shown in the diagram.

  1. Kanojo wa igirisu ni gonen sunde ita soo da. Dooride eigo ga dekiru wake da. (I heard she had been in England for five years-that's why her English is so good.)
  2. Kono fuku wa chyuugoku de tsukurarete iru. Yasui wake da. (This dress is made in China-no wonder it's cheap.)
  3. Kanojo wa mukashi fasshion modere datta. Sutairu ga ii wake da. (She used to be a fashion model-no wonder she has a good figure.)
* In situation when something is contrary to expectation happens , the expression "--- hazu/wake daga' or "--- hazu/wake nanoni" is used.
Ex) Kyoo kare wa kuru hazu/wake nanoni. (He is expected to come today, but he hasn't arrived yet) . Konkai ganbatta kara ii seiseki ga toreru hazi/wake daga. ( I studied hard this time, so I hope to get a good score, but I'm not sure I will.)

* "Wake" expresses speaker's conviction stronger than "hazu", so it is often used when speaker takes responsibility for the words. See the following examples.

ex)1.
The doctor said " Kono kusuri o nomeba itami wa nakunaru hazu desu(if you take this medicine,the pain will go" So the patient took the medicine, but he still had the pain. He went to the doctor and said that he still had the pain. The doctor should say " itami ga nakunaru wake nanda ga( The pain should have gone.)" If he says gitami ga naku naru hazu nanda gah, it sounds like the doctor is not confident in his diagnosis.

ex)2
At parliament a politician said "konnani syusseiritsu ga sagatte wa syoorai no nenkin shikyuu ga konnan ni naru wake desu." (Such a drop in the birth rate will cause a decrease in pension size.) If he said "konnani syusseiritsu ga sagatte wa syoorai no nenkin shikyuu ga konnan ni naru hazu desu", his statement sounds as if it is not based on



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